Microsurgery on testicles and epididymis
They are used for sperm collection in cases where no sperms (azoospermia) are present in the ejaculate or in any significant deviations in the number (concentration) and quality (morphology and mobility) of the sperms.
With the TESE (Testicular Sperm Extraction) method, a small sample of the tissue is taken from the testicle, from which the sperms are subsequently obtained. The TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration) is a method for extracting the sperms from the testicles by a thin needle. Microsurgical epididymis sperm aspiration (MESA) is the extraction of sperm-containing fluid from the epididymis channels. All the procedures are performed in the general anaesthesia by the urologist in the urological surgery room. The obtained sperms may be used for fertilization of the ova or for freezing and preservation.